氫氧化鉀由于其強(qiáng)堿性和腐蝕性，在化工等行業(yè)有著重要的應(yīng)用。它還可以作為各種試劑應(yīng)用于不同領(lǐng)域，如干燥劑、吸收劑、耐火膠粘劑等。那么，我們就來(lái)看看它的耐火膠粘劑的制備方法。
Potassium hydroxide has important applications in chemical industry because of its strong alkalinity and corrosivity. It can also be used as various reagents in different fields, such as desiccant, absorbent, fire-resistant adhesive and so on. Then, let's take a look at the preparation method of its refractory adhesive.
1.耐火膠粘劑的研制
1. Development of refractory adhesive
①耐火液體的制備方法：在反應(yīng)罐中依次加入8kg粒狀氫氧化鉀、7kg粉狀碳酸鈉（純堿）（朝日硝酸鹽公司生產(chǎn)）、30kg金屬硅化物，再加入60L水。在反應(yīng)罐中，自然反應(yīng)開(kāi)始，劇烈反應(yīng)從下部產(chǎn)物開(kāi)始，對(duì)流從下部向上部發(fā)生。當(dāng)反應(yīng)溫度在80℃～90℃之間時(shí)，反應(yīng)活躍。反應(yīng)溫度不高于92℃。
① Preparation method of refractory liquid: 8kg granular potassium hydroxide, 7kg powdered sodium carbonate (soda ash) (produced by Asahi nitrate company), 30kg metal silicide and 60L water are successively added into the reaction tank. In the reaction tank, the natural reaction starts, the violent reaction starts from the lower product, and the convection occurs from the lower part to the upper part. When the reaction temperature is between 80 ℃ and 90 ℃, the reaction is active. The reaction temperature shall not be higher than 92 ℃.

通過(guò)分離固體可獲得約48l（70kg）的難熔液體。殘余固體為金屬硅化物。如果用水清洗，大約22公斤的金屬硅化物殘留。在該殘余金屬硅化物塊中，添加約8kg的金屬硅化物塊，并且金屬硅化物的總量為30kg，其被供應(yīng)給二次反應(yīng)。與剛開(kāi)始的反應(yīng)相同，向反應(yīng)罐中加入8kg粒狀碳酸鈉和7kg粉狀碳酸鈉（純堿）（旭硝子公司生產(chǎn)），然后依次加入22kg殘余金屬硅化物塊和8kg新的金屬硅化物塊，加水60L，開(kāi)始制備耐火液體的二次反應(yīng)。
About 48 L (70 kg) of refractory liquid can be obtained by separating solids. The residual solid is metal silicide. If washed with water, about 22 kg of metal silicide remains. In the residual metal silicide block, about 8kg of metal silicide block is added, and the total amount of metal silicide is 30kg, which is supplied to the secondary reaction. As in the initial reaction, 8kg granular sodium carbonate and 7kg powdered sodium carbonate (soda ash) (produced by Asahi nitrate subsidiary) are added to the reaction tank, then 22kg residual metal silicide block and 8kg new metal silicide block are added successively, and 60L of water is added to start the secondary reaction of preparing refractory liquid.
在制備過(guò)程中，按照先加入顆粒狀氫氧化鉀，再加入粉狀碳酸鈉（純堿），再加入金屬硅化物塊，再加水的順序，反應(yīng)從較低的產(chǎn)物開(kāi)始，形成上下對(duì)流型活性反應(yīng)，因此制備的耐火液體具有較好的性能。
In the preparation process, in the order of first adding granular potassium hydroxide, then adding powdered sodium carbonate (soda ash), then adding metal silicide block, and then adding water, the reaction starts from the lower product to form an up-down convection type active reaction. Therefore, the prepared refractory liquid has better performance.
②耐火膠的制備：向反應(yīng)罐中分別加入耐火液、切舊報(bào)紙（也可使用其他舊報(bào)紙）、稻殼和棉花，攪拌均勻，制成耐火材料。
② Preparation of refractory glue: add refractory liquid, cut old newspapers (other old newspapers can also be used), rice husk and cotton into the reaction tank respectively, and stir evenly to make refractory materials.
2.如果涂有耐火液體，則涂有耐火液體的紙板在接近1000℃的火焰下燃燒30分鐘不會(huì)燃燒。將耐火膠黏劑混合物加壓脫水至含水量45%，在180℃加壓1h制備輕質(zhì)耐火材料。耐火材料在1500℃下觀(guān)察30分鐘。10分鐘后，耐火材料表面玻璃化。燃燒30分鐘后，耐火材料被切割。玻璃化深度只有0.8毫米，火沒(méi)有進(jìn)入耐火材料。此外，耐火材料具有良好的隔音和抗沖擊性能。它能切割、鋸、釘、螺絲等加工性能與木材相似。
2. If coated with fire-resistant liquid, the paperboard coated with fire-resistant liquid will not burn in a flame close to 1000 ℃ for 30 minutes. The refractory adhesive mixture was pressurized and dehydrated to 45% water content, and the lightweight refractory was prepared at 180 ℃ for 1 h. The refractory was observed at 1500 ℃ for 30 minutes. After 10 minutes, the refractory surface vitrified. After burning for 30 minutes, the refractory is cut. The vitrification depth was only 0.8mm, and the fire did not enter the refractory. In addition, the refractory has good sound insulation and impact resistance. It can cut, saw, nail, screw and other processing properties similar to wood.