氫氧化鉀是基礎(chǔ)化學(xué)工業(yè)中的重要產(chǎn)品，主要用作鉀鹽和鉀堿的生產(chǎn)原料。在醫(yī)藥、輕工業(yè)、電化工、紡織等領(lǐng)域也有廣泛應(yīng)用。認(rèn)識(shí)氫氧化鉀從它的制備工作看是怎樣的呢？下面就來(lái)了解下吧。
Potassium hydroxide is an important product in the basic chemical industry, which is mainly used as raw material for the production of potassium salt and potash. It is also widely used in medicine, light industry, electrochemistry, textile and other fields. How to understand potassium hydroxide from its preparation? Now let's learn about it.
氫氧化鉀是很典型的強(qiáng)堿，很多行業(yè)都有在應(yīng)用，是基礎(chǔ)化學(xué)工業(yè)的重要產(chǎn)品，大部分的應(yīng)用都是因?yàn)闅溲趸浛梢院退岱磻?yīng)，以及氫氧化鉀本身的腐蝕性。那么氫氧化鉀在自然界中存在嗎？
Potassium hydroxide is a typical strong alkali, which is used in many industries. It is an important product in the basic chemical industry. Most of its applications are due to the reaction of potassium hydroxide with acid and the corrosiveness of potassium hydroxide itself. Does potassium hydroxide exist in nature?
其實(shí)氫氧化鉀在自然界中是不會(huì)單獨(dú)存在的，不同的原料需要通過(guò)化學(xué)反應(yīng)混合制備，根據(jù)產(chǎn)品濃度和原料不同，制備方法也不同。目前生產(chǎn)廠家主要采用溶液電解和離子膜電解。兩種方法通過(guò)各種工藝制備的產(chǎn)品濃度不同。
In fact, potassium hydroxide does not exist alone in nature. Different raw materials need to be prepared by chemical reaction. According to the concentration of products and raw materials, the preparation methods are also different. At present, manufacturers mainly use solution electrolysis and ion-exchange membrane electrolysis. The concentration of products prepared by the two methods is different through various processes.

氫氧化鉀可以通過(guò)電解高純氯化鉀水溶液來(lái)制備。所用的電解槽在形式和工藝上類似于氫氧化鈉。當(dāng)使用隔膜電解槽時(shí)得到的電解液含有10％~15％質(zhì)量的氫氧化鉀和大約10％質(zhì)量的氯化鉀。經(jīng)蒸發(fā)、濃縮、冷卻后，大部分氯化鉀結(jié)晶析出，分離后得到含45％~50％氫氧化鉀（含06％氯化鉀）的產(chǎn)品。
Potassium hydroxide can be prepared by electrolysis of high-purity potassium chloride aqueous solution. The electrolyzer used is similar to sodium hydroxide in form and process. When using diaphragm electrolyzer, the electrolyte obtained contains 10% – 15% mass potassium hydroxide and about 10% mass potassium chloride. After evaporation, concentration and cooling, most of the potassium chloride crystallizes out, and the product containing 45% – 50% potassium hydroxide (containing 06% potassium chloride) is obtained after separation.
汞電解可以制備高純度的氫氧化鉀。但氯化鉀水溶液中重金屬雜質(zhì)的含量應(yīng)控制在01ppm以下，以避免氯氣中氫含量過(guò)高。離子膜電解使用特殊的離子交換膜。氫氧化鉀比氫氧化鈉更難脫水。工業(yè)固體氫氧化鉀純度為88％~92％，固體有塊狀和片狀兩種。液體氫氧化鉀有兩種濃度規(guī)格:45％和50％。
High purity potassium hydroxide can be prepared by mercury electrolysis. However, the content of heavy metal impurities in potassium chloride aqueous solution should be controlled below 01ppm to avoid excessive hydrogen content in chlorine. Ion exchange membrane electrolysis uses a special ion exchange membrane. Potassium hydroxide is more difficult to dehydrate than sodium hydroxide. The purity of industrial solid potassium hydroxide is 88%~92%, and there are two kinds of solids: massive and flaky. Liquid potassium hydroxide has two concentration specifications: 45% and 50%.
以上就是給大家總結(jié)的關(guān)于氫氧化鉀的制備方面的內(nèi)容，相信大家都有進(jìn)一步的學(xué)習(xí)了。希望您在進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)的時(shí)候能夠選擇一種合適的方法，還想了解更多資訊，請(qǐng)繼續(xù)關(guān)注我們http://www.aoure.cn吧。
The above is the summary of the preparation of potassium hydroxide for you. I believe you have further study. I hope you can choose a suitable method during production. If you want more information, please continue to pay attention to us http://www.aoure.cn OK.